記一下,免得自己忘了,之前沒看到這篇之前,啃...
我重灌Win 最少....有50次了......(3台NB 當實驗品)
Windows 7 Loader reboot
我重灌Win 最少....有50次了......(3台NB 當實驗品)
Windows 7 Loader reboot
- 1月 11 週一 201015:28
Win7 使用 loader 會一直重開的問題題
- 12月 01 週二 200911:53
用find 刪檔 linux find delete
find XXXX -name "*" -ls
先找看看
find XXXX -name "*" -delete
刪掉囉
先找看看
find XXXX -name "*" -delete
刪掉囉
- 10月 08 週四 200912:05
BMW new 6-series 發表囉．．．．錢呢？？
BMW：全新6-Series外型將令人驚豔
由 Michael Lo 於 17 hours 之前發表
還在關注5-Series嗎？跟大家借個光，讓6-Series也出來透透氣吧！2009年可說是BMW（寶馬）挨悶棍的一年，面對金融海嘯帶來的衝擊不說，剛好處在產品線汰舊換新的尷尬時期，當主要對手Mercedes-Benz（賓士）都已藉著新產品逐漸走出困境的同時，BMW卻只能繼續埋頭苦幹暫緩享受收割的快樂，還好去年推出的全新7-Series頂得住S-Class與其他豪華車款的猛烈攻勢，否則BMW可就更悶了！
事實上，從全新Z4與新級距PAS（Progressive Activity Sedan）車款5-Series GT開始，BMW就已經又展開了另一波產品更新，尤其當小型SAV車款X1率先登場以後，緊接著還有包括X3、5-Series、小改款X5以及6-Series等車款準備亮相，如果順利，或許BMW的苦日子或許就要結束了。
當大家都將焦點放在尚未亮相的5-Series與X3時，同樣即將面臨改款的6-Series似乎有那麼些受到冷落，不過要是大家還對X6、Z4第一次亮相時感到印象深刻，6-Series或許就是下一部讓人驚豔的BMW，至少美國BMW執行長Jim O'Donnell是這麼說的。
和
上一代7-Series一樣，現行款的6-Series在前BMW首席設計師Chris
Bangle的主導設計下，有著相當前衛和獨特的車身線條及外型，即便如此，但長久以來喜歡或看不慣7-Series與6-Series外型設計的聲音總
是並存著，如此一來當然也影響著新車銷售成績，因此捨棄了前衛大膽的作法，在上任多時的現任首席設計師Adrian van
Hooydonk操刀下，未來的BMW在維持品牌元素之餘，也將朝創新前進。
我們的友站Motorauthority最
近公佈了三張BMW 6-Series假想圖，圖裡的6-Series確實如Jim
O'Donnell所說的那般：「6-Sereies擁有亮麗的外型、流暢的車身線條...，新6-Sereis甚至是近幾年來最好看的一輛BMW！」，
不過實際情況是否如此還得等新6-Series亮相之後，我們才能瞭解Jim O'Donnell的看。
要等到新6-Sereis發表還要多久？慢慢熬吧！目前6-Series的發表時程暫訂在2011的日內瓦車展，在如此充足的時間裡，BMW大概也沒有理由再弄出一輛外型設計獨特到毀譽參半的車款，因此我們相信新6-Sereis應該是非常值得期待的！
- 10月 02 週五 200912:12
UltraEdit 熱鍵/快速鍵/Hot Key/Keyboard Shortcuts
- 9月 01 週二 200915:58
Code::Block 兩三事 設定 快速鍵 editor
說明：
1）以下需要設置的地方均在Settings->Editor...彈出的對話框中。
2）不少命令都可針對當前行或選中的代碼塊，下文簡稱當前行或選中塊。
==日常編輯==
• 按住Ctrl滾滾輪，代碼的字體會隨你心意變大變小，對保護視力特別有好處。
• 在編輯區按住右鍵可拖動代碼，省去拉（尤其是橫向）滾動條之麻煩；相關設置：Mouse Drag Scrolling。
• Ctrl+D可復製當前行或選中塊。
• Ctrl+Shift+C註釋掉當前行或選中塊，Ctrl+Shift+X則解除註釋。
• Tab縮進當前行或選中塊,Shift+Tab減少縮進。
• 可拖動選中塊使其移動到新位置，按住Ctrl則為復製到新位置。
• 按下Atl，再拖動鼠標，可以實現部分選擇（即隻選中一個區域內的字符，而不會包含它們所在行的其他字符)。
• 需要更大編輯空間時，F2和Shift+F2分別可以顯隱下方Logs & others欄和左方的Management欄。
==自動完成與縮寫==
1）優化代碼自動完成功能：在Code-completion and symbol browser中，
• 將Automatically launch when typed # letter中的4改成2，這樣打兩個字母就會有提示了。
• 將Keyword sets to additionally include中1到9都勾上（可在Syntax highlighting
的keywords...中設置，其中1是C++關鍵字，3是Doxygen關鍵字；我曾將wxWidgets的類名都加入7並設置相應的字體（粗黑
體），看代碼時特別爽）
• 將Delay for auto-kick-in when typing [.::->]拉到 200ms，這樣快點出來提示
• 選中Case-sensitive match，防止一些無關的東西幹擾，如果你想它幫你糾正大小寫，那就去掉勾
• 在Keyboard short-cuts中將Edit->Code complete的快捷鍵由Ctrl+Space改為Alt+/，因為前者與中文輸入法切換沖突，該快捷鍵為已經輸入的（不是正在輸入的）詞提供自動完成。
2）看Abbreviation一欄，裡面定義了許多縮寫（還可以自定義），隻要輸入這些縮寫，並按Ctrl+J，就可以自動完成常用的代碼框架，並將光標放在恰當的地方（自定義時用|表達）。常用的有：guard、class、switch等。
3）
如果你聲明了一個類，你可以在cpp文件中右擊，Insert->All class methods without
implementation...來插入你還沒定義的方法的定義（省去不少打字的功夫哦），也可使用Insert->Class Method
declaration/implementation...來插入一個方法的聲明或定義。
==導航相關==
• Ctrl+G 到達指定行，ALT+G 到達指定文件，Ctrl+Alt+G 到達指定函數（支持頭文件中的函數定義），F11 切換源文件與頭文件。
• Ctrl+PageUp 到達上一個函數，Ctrl+PageDown 到達下一個函數。
• Ctrl+B 添加書簽，Alt+PageUp和Alt+PageDown可以切換書簽。
• Ctrl+Shift+B可找到匹配的括號。
• 看長代碼時，可右擊，Folding->Fold All，然後慢慢展開來看，也可充分利用左方Management欄的Symbol瀏覽器。
• 在一個變量、函數或宏上右擊，三個以Find開頭的菜單項，分別可以為你轉到它的聲明、定義和找到所有出現的地方（按F2在下方Thread Search那裡查看）。
其他：
• General Settings中可以設置縮進、自動換行等細節。
• 讓Code::Blocks永遠記住你的Layout，尤其是debug的layout，善用debug工具欄。
• 備份C:\Documents and Settings\[你的用戶名]\Application
Data\codeblocks\Default.conf，如遇重裝，將其放在codeblocks.exe所在目錄，就不會丟失你的配置；這樣也可以
打造出Code::Blocks的綠色版。
Ctrl+L 剪切選中行
F11 切換源文件與頭文件
F10 全屏
Ctrl+Shift+B 括號匹配
按下ATL，再拖動鼠標，可以實現部分選擇
Ctrl+B 添加書簽，ALT+PageUp和PageDown可以切換書簽。
Ctrl+G 到達指定行
ALT+G 到達指定文件
Ctrl+Alt+G 到達指定函數（支持頭文件中的函數定義）
Ctrl+PageUp 到達上一個函數
Ctrl+PageDown 到達下一個函數
1）以下需要設置的地方均在Settings->Editor...彈出的對話框中。
2）不少命令都可針對當前行或選中的代碼塊，下文簡稱當前行或選中塊。
==日常編輯==
• 按住Ctrl滾滾輪，代碼的字體會隨你心意變大變小，對保護視力特別有好處。
• 在編輯區按住右鍵可拖動代碼，省去拉（尤其是橫向）滾動條之麻煩；相關設置：Mouse Drag Scrolling。
• Ctrl+D可復製當前行或選中塊。
• Ctrl+Shift+C註釋掉當前行或選中塊，Ctrl+Shift+X則解除註釋。
• Tab縮進當前行或選中塊,Shift+Tab減少縮進。
• 可拖動選中塊使其移動到新位置，按住Ctrl則為復製到新位置。
• 按下Atl，再拖動鼠標，可以實現部分選擇（即隻選中一個區域內的字符，而不會包含它們所在行的其他字符)。
• 需要更大編輯空間時，F2和Shift+F2分別可以顯隱下方Logs & others欄和左方的Management欄。
==自動完成與縮寫==
1）優化代碼自動完成功能：在Code-completion and symbol browser中，
• 將Automatically launch when typed # letter中的4改成2，這樣打兩個字母就會有提示了。
• 將Keyword sets to additionally include中1到9都勾上（可在Syntax highlighting
的keywords...中設置，其中1是C++關鍵字，3是Doxygen關鍵字；我曾將wxWidgets的類名都加入7並設置相應的字體（粗黑
體），看代碼時特別爽）
• 將Delay for auto-kick-in when typing [.::->]拉到 200ms，這樣快點出來提示
• 選中Case-sensitive match，防止一些無關的東西幹擾，如果你想它幫你糾正大小寫，那就去掉勾
• 在Keyboard short-cuts中將Edit->Code complete的快捷鍵由Ctrl+Space改為Alt+/，因為前者與中文輸入法切換沖突，該快捷鍵為已經輸入的（不是正在輸入的）詞提供自動完成。
2）看Abbreviation一欄，裡面定義了許多縮寫（還可以自定義），隻要輸入這些縮寫，並按Ctrl+J，就可以自動完成常用的代碼框架，並將光標放在恰當的地方（自定義時用|表達）。常用的有：guard、class、switch等。
3）
如果你聲明了一個類，你可以在cpp文件中右擊，Insert->All class methods without
implementation...來插入你還沒定義的方法的定義（省去不少打字的功夫哦），也可使用Insert->Class Method
declaration/implementation...來插入一個方法的聲明或定義。
==導航相關==
• Ctrl+G 到達指定行，ALT+G 到達指定文件，Ctrl+Alt+G 到達指定函數（支持頭文件中的函數定義），F11 切換源文件與頭文件。
• Ctrl+PageUp 到達上一個函數，Ctrl+PageDown 到達下一個函數。
• Ctrl+B 添加書簽，Alt+PageUp和Alt+PageDown可以切換書簽。
• Ctrl+Shift+B可找到匹配的括號。
• 看長代碼時，可右擊，Folding->Fold All，然後慢慢展開來看，也可充分利用左方Management欄的Symbol瀏覽器。
• 在一個變量、函數或宏上右擊，三個以Find開頭的菜單項，分別可以為你轉到它的聲明、定義和找到所有出現的地方（按F2在下方Thread Search那裡查看）。
其他：
• General Settings中可以設置縮進、自動換行等細節。
• 讓Code::Blocks永遠記住你的Layout，尤其是debug的layout，善用debug工具欄。
• 備份C:\Documents and Settings\[你的用戶名]\Application
Data\codeblocks\Default.conf，如遇重裝，將其放在codeblocks.exe所在目錄，就不會丟失你的配置；這樣也可以
打造出Code::Blocks的綠色版。
Ctrl+L 剪切選中行
F11 切換源文件與頭文件
F10 全屏
Ctrl+Shift+B 括號匹配
按下ATL，再拖動鼠標，可以實現部分選擇
Ctrl+B 添加書簽，ALT+PageUp和PageDown可以切換書簽。
Ctrl+G 到達指定行
ALT+G 到達指定文件
Ctrl+Alt+G 到達指定函數（支持頭文件中的函數定義）
Ctrl+PageUp 到達上一個函數
Ctrl+PageDown 到達下一個函數
- 8月 28 週五 200914:35
ACM Judge answers 線上 評分 系統 答案
本想說去找一些中文的說明,但想想看英文的,比較實在,也比較容易,除非有好的翻譯可以用中文全釋(如果有覺得不錯的,可以跟我說一聲)
How to understand the Online Judge answers
by enjolras » Wed Feb 02, 2005 2:24 am
How to understand the Online Judge answers
A few seconds after sending the E-Mail with your program, you'll
receive a confirmation reply by E-Mail from the judge system (unless
you have selected not to receive replies by E-Mail: note that there is
enough information in the Web, updated in real time).
Your program will be compiled and run in our system, and the
automatic judge will test it with some inputs and outputs, or perhaps
with a specific judge tool. After some seconds or minutes, you'll
receive by E-Mail (or you'll see in the Web) one of these answers:
Accepted (AC) (and the CPU
time & memory used): OK! Your program is correct!. Note that during
true contest perhaps only 1 CPU minute will be allowed If your program
spents a reasonable time, it may be Ok, but this depends on the judge
power in comparison with the true contest computers.
Presentation Error (PE): Your program outputs are correct but are not presented in the correct way. Check for spaces, justify, line feeds...
Accepted (P.E.): Same as
above, but the Presentation Error is intended only for contests. The
24-hours judge takes it only as a warning. Don't worry a lot, since
many of our problems have the output specification not very fine.
Wrong Answer (WA): Correct
solution not reached for the inputs. The inputs and outputs that we use
to test the programs are not public (it is recomendable to get
accustomed to a true contest dynamic .
Crash - Runtime Error (RE):
Your program failed during the execution (segmentation fault, floating
point exception...). The exact cause is reported to the user.
Time Limit Exceeded (TL):
Your program tried to run during too much time; this error don't allows
you to know if your program would reach the correct solution to the
problem.
Memory Limit Exceeded (ML):
Your program tried to use more memory than the judge default settings.
If you are sure that such problem needs more memory, please contact us.
Output Limit Exceeded (OL): Your program tried to write too much information. This usually occurs if it goes into a infinite loop.
Restricted Function (RF): Your source program tried to use a not allowed function (such as fork(), fopen(), ...)
Compile Error (CE): The
compiler (gcc/g++/gpc) could not compile your ANSI program. Of course,
warning messages are not error messages. The compiler output messages
are reported you by E-Mail.
Submission Error (SE): You don't specified correctly the @JUDGE_ID fields (a incorrect User ID, number of problem...).
Can't Be Judged (CJ): The
judge hasn't test input and outputs for the selected problem. While
choosing a problem be careful to ensure that the judge will be able to
judge it!.
Access Denied (AD): Your
Internet address is not allowed to submit problems. Maybe you have
setup to accept programs only from your E-Mail address: edit and update
your personal information in the Web. Otherwise, contact us.
Non Authenticated (NA):
Your E-Mail is not authenticated or the submit tool did not sent
authentication information. If you aren't a hacker, please contact us.
Out Of Contest Time (OC): this message can only appear during a contest, if a program is submitted out of contest time.
Delayed (DL): if the judge
host is too busy, the execution of programs which spent too much
resources (inside the allowed limits) is delayed by some seconds or
minutes. Don't re-submit again your program (the judge would spent even
more time before replying).
Judge Disabled: this
message may appear only during internal maintenance tasks, which are
previously announced most times. Probably, your program will be
processed later unless the letter explicitly tells you to resubmit it
again in future.
Judge Not Ready!: By some
reason, the judge host has just rebooted and the judge software is
currently being loaded. Try to submit again your program within a few
seconds.
All E-Mails (and submissions via Submit-o-matic) received and the
results of their actions are logged; this would allow us to detect any
possible intention to use the judge for incorrect purposes. If you
submit several programs for the same problem and you get several
accepted messages for it, you'll appear in the ranklist only with your
better solution (less CPU time and/or memory spent).
The Owen Astrachan solution in language C, Java or the Pascal solution
(thanks to [i:8bdb284ec5]Sultanbek Tezadov[/i:8bdb284ec5]!) for problem
100 (the 3n+1 problem) are available as a example (download their language C, Java or Pascal source code if you like).
出處:http://online-judge.uva.es/board/viewtopic.php?t=7430
How to understand the Online Judge answers
by enjolras » Wed Feb 02, 2005 2:24 am How to understand the Online Judge answers
A few seconds after sending the E-Mail with your program, you'll
receive a confirmation reply by E-Mail from the judge system (unless
you have selected not to receive replies by E-Mail: note that there is
enough information in the Web, updated in real time).
Your program will be compiled and run in our system, and the
automatic judge will test it with some inputs and outputs, or perhaps
with a specific judge tool. After some seconds or minutes, you'll
receive by E-Mail (or you'll see in the Web) one of these answers:
Accepted (AC) (and the CPU
time & memory used): OK! Your program is correct!. Note that during
true contest perhaps only 1 CPU minute will be allowed If your program
spents a reasonable time, it may be Ok, but this depends on the judge
power in comparison with the true contest computers.
Presentation Error (PE): Your program outputs are correct but are not presented in the correct way. Check for spaces, justify, line feeds...
Accepted (P.E.): Same as
above, but the Presentation Error is intended only for contests. The
24-hours judge takes it only as a warning. Don't worry a lot, since
many of our problems have the output specification not very fine.
Wrong Answer (WA): Correct
solution not reached for the inputs. The inputs and outputs that we use
to test the programs are not public (it is recomendable to get
accustomed to a true contest dynamic .
Crash - Runtime Error (RE):
Your program failed during the execution (segmentation fault, floating
point exception...). The exact cause is reported to the user.
Time Limit Exceeded (TL):
Your program tried to run during too much time; this error don't allows
you to know if your program would reach the correct solution to the
problem.
Memory Limit Exceeded (ML):
Your program tried to use more memory than the judge default settings.
If you are sure that such problem needs more memory, please contact us.
Output Limit Exceeded (OL): Your program tried to write too much information. This usually occurs if it goes into a infinite loop.
Restricted Function (RF): Your source program tried to use a not allowed function (such as fork(), fopen(), ...)
Compile Error (CE): The
compiler (gcc/g++/gpc) could not compile your ANSI program. Of course,
warning messages are not error messages. The compiler output messages
are reported you by E-Mail.
Submission Error (SE): You don't specified correctly the @JUDGE_ID fields (a incorrect User ID, number of problem...).
Can't Be Judged (CJ): The
judge hasn't test input and outputs for the selected problem. While
choosing a problem be careful to ensure that the judge will be able to
judge it!.
Access Denied (AD): Your
Internet address is not allowed to submit problems. Maybe you have
setup to accept programs only from your E-Mail address: edit and update
your personal information in the Web. Otherwise, contact us.
Non Authenticated (NA):
Your E-Mail is not authenticated or the submit tool did not sent
authentication information. If you aren't a hacker, please contact us.
Out Of Contest Time (OC): this message can only appear during a contest, if a program is submitted out of contest time.
Delayed (DL): if the judge
host is too busy, the execution of programs which spent too much
resources (inside the allowed limits) is delayed by some seconds or
minutes. Don't re-submit again your program (the judge would spent even
more time before replying).
Judge Disabled: this
message may appear only during internal maintenance tasks, which are
previously announced most times. Probably, your program will be
processed later unless the letter explicitly tells you to resubmit it
again in future.
Judge Not Ready!: By some
reason, the judge host has just rebooted and the judge software is
currently being loaded. Try to submit again your program within a few
seconds.
All E-Mails (and submissions via Submit-o-matic) received and the
results of their actions are logged; this would allow us to detect any
possible intention to use the judge for incorrect purposes. If you
submit several programs for the same problem and you get several
accepted messages for it, you'll appear in the ranklist only with your
better solution (less CPU time and/or memory spent).
The Owen Astrachan solution in language C, Java or the Pascal solution
(thanks to [i:8bdb284ec5]Sultanbek Tezadov[/i:8bdb284ec5]!) for problem
100 (the 3n+1 problem) are available as a example (download their language C, Java or Pascal source code if you like).
出處:http://online-judge.uva.es/board/viewtopic.php?t=7430
- 8月 28 週五 200914:34
ACM 100 - The 3n + 1 problem cin 加油
喊了這麼多年說想玩ACM ,今天終於開始了,希望最少可以一週一題(夠懶吧),不然最少3天一題試看看囉!!
首先第一題,最簡單的100 ,但真不知自己為什麼那麼笨.......SUBMISSIONS 了快50次,才發現不是程式的問題......找了好久...所以....我要加強呀
玩ACM方向也許是對的,但不知自己還有多少時間、精力、腦力可以玩就是了.....如果有人要玩,記得....加油...不一定要問別人,因為別人一定會,要自己弄懂比較難啦.....(這也是訓練自己邏輯、解題的能力)
以下有兩種都是可以的....
首先第一題,最簡單的100 ,但真不知自己為什麼那麼笨.......SUBMISSIONS 了快50次,才發現不是程式的問題......找了好久...所以....我要加強呀
玩ACM方向也許是對的,但不知自己還有多少時間、精力、腦力可以玩就是了.....如果有人要玩,記得....加油...不一定要問別人,因為別人一定會,要自己弄懂比較難啦.....(這也是訓練自己邏輯、解題的能力)
以下有兩種都是可以的....
- 1月 14 週三 200917:58
c++ String Class Ref
http://www.cppreference.com/wiki/string/start
- 1月 14 週三 200911:35
基楚建設 - C++ Do while
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int input = 0;
bool replay = false;
do {
cout << "輸入整數值：";
cin >> input;
cout << "輸入數為奇數？" << ((input % 2) ? 'Y': 'N') << "\n";
cout << "繼續(1:繼續 0:結束)？";
cin >> replay;
} while(replay);
return 0;
}
執行結果：
輸入整數值：11
輸入數為奇數？Y
繼續(1:繼續 0:結束)？0
如果您日後學會函式的使用，您還可以將這個迴圈寫的更漂亮一些，而不用使用replay變數，例如若下面more()函式詢問使用者是否繼續，如果是會傳回1，否則傳回0：
do {
cout << "輸入整數值：";
cin >> input;
cout << "輸入數為奇數？" << ((input % 2) ? 'Y': 'N') << "\n";
} while(more());
一個小小的改變，就可以使程式更為簡潔，邏輯上也較為清楚。
using namespace std;
int main() {
int input = 0;
bool replay = false;
do {
cout << "輸入整數值：";
cin >> input;
cout << "輸入數為奇數？" << ((input % 2) ? 'Y': 'N') << "\n";
cout << "繼續(1:繼續 0:結束)？";
cin >> replay;
} while(replay);
return 0;
}
執行結果：
輸入整數值：11
輸入數為奇數？Y
繼續(1:繼續 0:結束)？0
如果您日後學會函式的使用，您還可以將這個迴圈寫的更漂亮一些，而不用使用replay變數，例如若下面more()函式詢問使用者是否繼續，如果是會傳回1，否則傳回0：
do {
cout << "輸入整數值：";
cin >> input;
cout << "輸入數為奇數？" << ((input % 2) ? 'Y': 'N') << "\n";
} while(more());
一個小小的改變，就可以使程式更為簡潔，邏輯上也較為清楚。
- 1月 14 週三 200911:20
基楚建設 - C++ 指定運算子
「指定運算子」（Assignment operator），到目前為止我們只看過一個指定運算子，也就是=這個運算子，事實上指定運算子還有以下的幾個：
運算子
例子
說明
+=
a+= b
a= a + b
-=
a-= b
a= a - b
*=
a*= b
a= a * b
/=
a/= b
a= a / b
%=
a%= b
a= a % b
&=
a&= b
a= a & b
|=
a|= b
a= a | b
^=
a^= b
a= a ^ b
<<=
a<<= b
a= a << b
>>=
a>>= b
a= a >> b
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